PDA said...
there has been pushback from surgeons who point out that the majority of the benefit seems to accrue to a subset of the high-risk surgeries and that most men can be spared the hormones.
I'm wondering what subset that might be. According to
Table 3, all the subsets who received the long-term adjuvant ADT showed very little evidence of recurrence. However, in the SWOG S9921 study,
all of the men in the study had to reach undetectable (at that time) PSA levels post surgery to be eligible. I wonder what the recurrence rate would have been if there were a placebo group who did not receive long-term ADT. (SWOG S9921 was designed to look at mitoxantrone chemo + ADT vs ADT alone after RP). The Japanese study had no control group. The randomized controlled trial we need, but don't have, is RP vs RP+ADT for high risk.
Since you shared this with me, I've been wondering if some of the benefit is due to cleaning up of cancer cells that were set loose by incision and seeding during surgery. Perhaps seeding of high grade cancer cells is a bigger factor than we imagine? We do have some evidence that positive margins and tumor incision due to attempted nerve-sparing are associated with higher recurrence rates. Is the ADT cleaning up the mess left behind after RP?