Posted 11/27/2017 1:38 AM (GMT 0)
I purchased a test through 23 and me four years ago. It included a health analysis which did not say much about prostate cancer. I just ran my raw data through Promethease.com and am somewhat alarmed by my results relating to prostate cancer which are almost all point to high risk. I have no family history of PC and haven't had a biopsy for PC. My PSA values have been erratic and trending upward.
rs11672691(G;G)
1.39x increased risk for PCSM in patients with prostate cancer
For a person already diagnosed with prostate cancer, this relatively common genotype is associated with a more aggressive form of the cancer and an increased risk (by 1.39x) of dying from causes related to the cancer.
rs7837688(G;T)
1.7x increased risk for prostate cancer
rs7837688 is one of 4 tightly linked SNPs in the "locus 1" region of 8q24 chromosomal region, which has been linked in several studies to prostate cancer, initially through rs1447295. In a study of 1,563 patients of European ancestry, the odds ratio for prostate cancer associated with risk genotypes of locus 1 were reported as 1.70 (CI: 1.39-2.07)
rs10086908(C;C)
1.7x increased risk for prostate cancer
rs10086908 is a SNP in the 8q24 chromosomal region, which has been linked in several studies to prostate cancer. In a study of 1,563 patients of European ancestry, rs10086908 was designated as the representative of a prostate cancer risk region termed "locus 3", with an odds ratio of 1.70 (CI: 1.39-2.07) for carriers of a risk genotype.
rs2486758(C;T)
Slightly higher prostate cancer risk; poorer response to AA/P treatment see discussion at rs2486758
rs2486758 represents a variant in the CYP17A1 gene located in the intergenic region 5' to, or perhaps in, the promoter region. The minor allele, rs2486758(C), has been associated with the following:
• Slightly increased risk for prostate cancer, including in a meta-analysis
• Poorer response to treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer by AA/P ( abiraterone acetate plus prednisone).
rs1800896(A;A)
1.8x increased prostate cancer risk
A study of 258 prostate cancer cases concluded that the rs1800896(A) allele, known to result in lower levels of this anti-inflammatory cytokine, was positively associated with risk (AG vs. GG, odds ratio of 1.69, CI: 1.10-2.60; AA vs. GG, OR of 1.81, CI: 1.11-2.96).
rs2987983(C;T)
1.2x increased risk of prostate cancer
This genotype is at increased risk of prostate cancer Recommendation: To reduce the risk eat a diet rich in phytoestrogens such as flax seed
In one large Swedish study, men with one or two rs2987983(C) alleles were reported to be at somewhat increased (odds ratio 1.22) risk for Prostate cancer compared to men homozygous for the wild type rs2987983(T) allele, however the risk can be reduced by adding phytoestrogens to the diet.
rs10492519(G;G)
Increased risk of developing prostate cancer
rs10492519 is one of seven SNPs found in a combined study of over 1,000 patients to be associated with increased risk for prostate cancer. The risk allele for this SNP is (G); and while the odds ratio was not specifically reported, the probability of false significance (not permuted though) was given as p=5.6 x 10e-6, using an additive model of risk.
rs10090154(C;T)
1.4x increased risk for prostate cancer
rs10090154 is a SNP in chromosome 8q24 "region 1", associated with increased risk for prostate cancer. The odds ratio for the (T) risk allele were 1.42 (CI: 1.07-1.87, p=0.014), and they were not significantly different between Caucasians and African-Americans in this study of ~500 patients. In follow-up studies looking at disease severity (and not just overall risk), this SNP is reported to account for the risk (from region 1) of advanced prostate cancer.
rs351855(C;T)
1.2x increased risk for prostate cancer
A study of ~500 Japanese prostate cancer patients found that individuals with a rs351855(T;T) genotype had a 2.2- and 1.9-fold increased risk of prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), and a 1.8-fold increased risk of metastatic prostate cancer compared to the (C;C) genotype. A meta-analysis published in 2011, surveying a total of 2,618 cases of prostate cancer, concluded that the odds ratio per rs351855(T) allele was 1.17 (CI: 1.07 - 1.29), and that when stratified by race, Caucasians and Asians were at highest risk.
rs4242382(A;G)
1.7x increased risk for prostate cancer
rs4242382 is one of 4 tightly linked SNPs in the "locus 1" region of 8q24 chromosomal region, which has been linked in several studies to prostate cancer, initially through rs1447295. In a study of 1,563 patients of European ancestry, the odds ratio for prostate cancer associated with risk genotypes of locus 1 were reported as 1.70 (CI: 1.39-2.07). Two other regions of chromosome 8q24 were also studied. Genotyping 13 SNPs (including this one) in 1,308 Caucasian prostate cancer patients led to the conclusion that while none of the SNP associations were as significant as having a first-degree family history of the disease, they did replicate. In fact, for rs4242382, the risk estimate varied by family history. A joint-odds analysis indicates that rs4242382(A;A) individuals have increased prostate cancer odds of 3.15x or 1.77x if they are also carrying 2 or 1.
rs2171492(T;T)
Higher prostate cancer risk
Results: The nonsynonymous coding SNP (rs2171492, Cys303Gly) in CPA4 was associated with an increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer among younger patients (<66 years). Specifically, men carrying the TT genotype had an approximately two-fold increased risk for being diagnosed with intermediate-to-high risk disease (Odds Ratio=1.83, p=0.04). In the overall population (all ages) none of the CPA4 SNPs demonstrated a statistically significant association with prostate cancer.
rs13149290(C;C)
Slightly increased risk of developing prostate cancer
rs13149290 is one of seven SNPs found in a combined study of over 1,000 patients to be associated with increased risk for prostate cancer. The risk allele for this SNP is (C); and while the odds ratio was not specifically reported, the probability of false significance (not permuted though) was given as p=2.5 x 10e-5, using a dominant model of risk.
rs10993994(C;T)
increased prostate cancer risk (odds ratio 1.2) Compared to the (C;C) genotype for this SNP, (C;T) genotypes are estimated to be at 1.2x increased risk for prostate cancer.
rs486907(A;G)
1.5x increased prostate cancer risk
rs486907 is a SNP in the RNase L RNASEL gene that has been associated with cancer risk. The basic rationale behind most of these studies is that RNase L is responsible for deactivating RNA-based viruses that are associated with certain cancers, and therefore SNPs that lead to lower RNase L activity may lead to increased cancer risk. This SNP is also known as R462Q or Arg462Gln. In a study of prostate cancer patients, rs486907(A;G) heterozygotes were calculated to be at 1.5x increased risk, and rs486907(A;A) homozygotes 2x risk (p=0.007). This SNP was also associated with hereditary-prostate-cancer.
rs1447295(A;C)
1.4x increased risk of prostate cancer
rs1447295 is a SNP on chromosome 8q24, associated with increased risk for prostate cancer in several studies. In a study of over 3,600 Caucasians with prostate cancer, rs1447295 is one of five SNPs used (with family history as a sixth factor) to cumulatively predict overall risk. On their own, the rs1447295(A;A) and (A;C) risk genotypes yield an odds ratio for developing prostate cancer of 1.22 (CI: 1.06-1.40, p=5.3x10-3) and may account for 5.4% of population attributable risk. http://www.pharmalive.com/News/index.cfm?articleid=428514&categoryid=40 The rs1447295 location could be responsible for about seven percent of prostate cancer cases in white men of north European descent. Thus, taken together with rs6983267, these two genetic changes could account for as much as one quarter of Prostate cancer.
rs1930293(A;G)
rs1930293 increases susceptibility to prostate cancer 1.20 times for heterozygotes (AG) and 1.70 times for homozygotes (GG)
rs17562004(A;A)
rs17562004 is in linkage disequilibrium with a polymorphism that increases susceptibility to Prostate cancer 1.20 times for heterozygotes (AG) and 1.50 times for homozygotes (AA)
rs20576(A;C)
Carriers of an 228Ala allele for rs20576 who have prostate cancer and are treated by radiation therapy have a higher risk (odds ratio 2.47, CI: 1.10-5.54, p=0.028) for subsequent metastasis.
rs7017300(A;C)
1.7x increased risk for prostate cancer
rs7017300 is one of 4 tightly linked SNPs in the "locus 1" region of 8q24 chromosomal region, which has been linked in several studies to prostate cancer, initially through rs1447295. In a study of 1,563 patients of European ancestry, the odds ratio for prostate cancer associated with risk genotypes of locus 1 were reported as 1.70 (CI: 1.39-2.07)
rs2011077(A;G)
In Japanese, 2.4x risk of prostate cancer, 1.7x increased risk of BPH, and 1.5x increased risk of developing metastatic prostate cancer For the rs2011077 polymorphism, a significant increased risk of prostate cancer was found in men with the GG genotype (aOR = 6.260, 95% CI = 3.152–12.433, p < 0.001) or the GA genotype (aOR = 2.497, 95% CI = 1.717–3.630, p < 0.001) compared with the AA genotype. When GG, GA and AA genotypes were valued as 2, 1 and 0, respectively, the presence of the G allele was shown to increase the risk of prostate cancer with a gene dosage effect (aOR = 2.500, 95% CI = 1.871–3.339, p < 0.001).
rs12079081(A;G)
rs12079081 is in linkage disequilibrium with a polymorphism that increases susceptibility to Prostate cancer 1.20 times for heterozygotes (AG) and 1.70 times for homozygotes (GG)
rs1571801(A;C)
1.36x risk for prostate cancer
In a study of ~1000 Caucasian patients with prostate cancer, rs1571801 was the SNP most associated with not only prostate cancer, but having an aggressive form of it. The odds ratio for aggressive prostate cancer associated with the risk allele, rs1571801(A), was 1.36 (CI: 1.13 - 1.65, p = 0.001). The odds ratio associated with (nonaggressive) prostate cancer was also higher than average for this SNP; for the same (A) risk allele, it was 1.27 (CI: 1.10 - 1.48, p = 0.0017). Although the association was found in a study of Caucasian patients, it was also reported to be statistically significant in a population of 210 African-Americans with prostate cancer. According to http://www.oncology-information.com/CancerLineHCP/6096_31566_2__.aspx, "The odds ratio for aggressive prostate cancer ranged from 1.29 to 1.50 in men with one or two copies of the mutant A allele compared with noncarriers."
rs6501455(A;G)
rs6501455 increases susceptibility to Prostate cancer 1.14 times for carriers of the A allele Meta-analysis of genome-wide and replication association studies on prostate cancer. GWAS SNP Replication among African American and European American men in the North Carolina-Louisiana prostate cancer project (PCaP).
rs2238135(G;G)
2.47x higher risk for prostate cancer
rs2238135 is a SNP in the vitamin D VDR receptor gene. rs2238135(G;G) homozygotes were associated with an ~2.5x higher risk of prostate cancer compared to homozygote carriers of the more common (C) allele in the 630 Caucasian patients studied.