Posted 1/6/2016 8:38 PM (GMT 0)
No two cases of uc are the same. Some stay on the mild, anti-inflammatory medications for decades without problems. Others quickly progress up the medication ladder at a fireman's hastened pace. Uc has a tendency to spread in extent and severity over time in some, and our treatments must keep pace with it, to maintain a good quality of life.
Generally there are three tiers of uc medications:
1.) Patients start with anti-inflammatory medications (active ingredient mesalamine) in both oral and rectal route. Your Asacol and now Delzicol are the oral route. Your canasa is the rectal route. If your ulcerative colitis extends beyond your rectum, then enemas (e.g., rowasa) are better than canasa suppositories as they cover a much greater area. You can try different variations (brands) but most are very similar. Max out the anti-inflammatory medications at 4,800 milligrams per day (oral route) and 4,000 milligrams rectal route (one rowasa enema) and if that isn't enough, then it's time to climb the ladder.
2.) Immunomodulators (Imuran/azathiopurine, or 6mp/mercacaptopurine) are the next step. These medications reduce the amount of white blood cells (aka lymphocytes) within your bloodstream. White blood cells are used by the immune system to attack and inflame tissue. The less white blood cells you have, the less inflammation they can cause (uc causes inflammation in the large intestine). These medications take 2-3 months to reach optimum healing/therapeutic levels within your body. They require routine blood monitoring (WBC cannot get too low). If that isn't enough than time to climb the ladder.
3.) Biologics (remicade, humira, simponi, entvyio) are biologically engineered proteins that interfere with the immune systems ability to signal and send an attack. The anti-tnf medications mute or reduce the ability of the immune system to say "send an attack over here". Once the attack signal gets weaker, you can heal. These medications are considerably faster working (6 weeks or less) and stronger medications.