My dad is a pediatrician and I NEVER got antibiotics unless I had a throat culture that came back positive for strep. This was back in the day where you had to wait 24-48 hours for a throat culture to come back.
Only once in my childhood (well, I was actually a young adult) did my dad prescribe me antibiotics without a culture. That was when I was skiing in Colorado and developed a hacking cough and couldn't get enough oxygen. That was enough info for my dad, LOL.
So I'm not sure I'd buy a study like this, based on my own result. But perhaps statistically, there could be a correlation. But correlation does not mean causation. Just saying.