Good morning, Bob. I believe the fasting is to allow your blood levels of glucose to go to your personal normal levels. We're all different and I suppose a diabetic's level of blood glucose while fasting would be higher than a non-diabetic's, which is what the doctors are looking for.
The first time I became aware of all this was years ago when I bought "The South Beach Diet" book. There are three phases to that diet and for the first phase, he says to cut out all carbs so the blood sugar will level out to our norm. That's when I understood how carbs affect our blood sugar. For me, being told I was borderline diabetic at that time, this was very enlightening.
According to Dr. Erich Rosenberger on a Yahoo site, "...On a daily basis, the normal range for blood sugar and lipids undergoes changes hour to hour depending on recent ingestion of food and drink. By fasting, one is getting a baseline sugar and lipid value that is not influenced by a recent meal."
So this is why they ask the patient to fast before a blood sugar and a cholesterol test. The doctor wants to know what your baseline 'value' is, that is, how much glucose is running around your system without having eaten or drunk anything to affect the result.