https://www.healingwell.com/community/default.aspx?f=30&m=4192792#gsc.tab=0***This is my general summary of various immune system cells and what they do from above thread which I posted this comment earlier this year*****:
Ive had to learn this since I have it; .....well, both: a suppressed immune system (which goes by various names depending on specifics) and autoimmune (which also have various specific names sometimes organ related).
A suppressed immune system and advanced autoimmune are different, obviously related and not uncommonly go hand in hand.
A "Suppressed immune system" can be temporary, born with (1980's "bubble boy"), or adult acquired and also has known genes associated with it.
Some tests on the comprehensive metabolic panel such as white blood cell count and globulin (liver immune protien) are a good first glance of your immune system in addition to the CD57 (bottom of this post).
White blood cells are :
-granulocytes: (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils), monocytes,
and
-lymphocytes: (T cells, Natural Killer cells, B, B regulatory, and B Memory cells). "B memory" are your "immunity" cells(!)
T cells mature in the Thymus organ, thus the "T" name.
Globulin : A protien - three types actually; alpha (1 and2) , beta (1 and 2), and gamma. **Gamma globulins, (!!!) are immune protiens and almost all gamma globulins are known as immunoglobulins**, also called antibodies, which help with immune responses and immunity. Alpha and beta globulins are transport proteins, moving stuff in your blood (transport of lipids, hormones ect), they are not immune proteins. Albumin proties is similar and transports of bilirubin, hormones, metals, vitamins, and drugs
The 5 "immunoglobulin classes" (**** = important for us):
1) Immunoglobulin A (IgA), which is found in high concentrations in the mucous membranes, particularly those lining the respiratory passages and gastrointestinal tract, as well as in saliva and tears.
2)*****Immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant type of antibody, is found in all body fluids and protects against bacterial and viral infections.****
3)***** Immunoglobulin M (IgM), which is found mainly in the blood and lymph fluid, is the first antibody to be made by the body to fight a new infection.*****
4)Immunoglobulin E (IgE), which is associated mainly with allergic reactions (when the immune system overreacts to environmental antigens such as pollen or pet dander). It is found in the lungs, skin, and mucous membranes.
5) Immunoglobulin D (IgD), which exists in small amounts in the blood, is the least understood antibody.
Note: there are also sub-classes under these 5 above, those under IgG being most important
-------------------------------
**Low Gamma Globulin** is termed "Hypogammaglobulinemia" and is considered a health risk for infection:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/hypogammaglobulinemia
Hypogammaglobulinemia is one of the Common Variable Immune Deficiency "disorders" (CVID) and its rarity is said to be anywhere from 1 in 20,000 to 1 in 30,000:
https:// https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/common-variable-immune-deficiency/
I find these odds hard to believe, it must be much more common than that in the lyme world. If only more would test, we would no.
[I am one, (under the low limit) and fortunantly not sick either. Had a light dry cough for two weeks, felt hot but no fever (took my immune support supps and its gone), fingers crossed.
--------------------------------
CD57 : "Lymies", as already stated, are sometimes familiar with CD57 also known as HNK1 (Human Natural Killer-1) which measures T lymphocytes and positive NK cells only; its an average combined measurement of both. That might be why its said to be inaccurate, but its accurate enough to justify further individual subclass testing, which is something most regular Drs, rarely, if ever have done before.
---------------------------------
Important- As explained to me by two immunologists and a phone call with a university medical immunology professor, all these tests measure "volume" of these immune cells.
They kept telling me this is not the same as immune cell "strength" which is not really measurable. How they test this is by certain vaccines - and how you react to them and then measuring antibodies hoping they went up . I declined this test.
In my case, I also had tests for bone marrow diseases (Leukemia) since it can be related to low immune cells. Im good.
*
Post Edited (astroman) : 8/27/2020 9:50:31 AM (GMT-6)