Translated with deepL:
81 patients aged 8-21 years were examined. They had been referred by their attending physicians or pediatricians for inpatient evaluation. The spectrum of complaints and diagnoses on admission ranged from chronic abdominal pain, blood in the stool, gastroesophageal reflux with heartburn, celiac disease and Crohn's disease to failure to thrive and weight loss.
All patients underwent clinical and laboratory examinations including determination of antibodies to named pathogens. They were also either esophagogastroduodenoscopied or colonoscopied, PCR tests for above mentioned pathogens were performed from mucosal biopsies obtained from them, only detection of Helicobacter was performed by light microscopy from biopsies of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
DNA analysis for Borrelia burgdorferi used primers specific for the OSP-A and chromosomal LY1 genes.
Ribosomal RNA genes were analyzed for Bartonella and Mycoplasma fermentans.
When gallbladder or bile duct involvement was suspected, supplemental sonographic examinations of the abdomen were also performed.
When appendicitis or mesenteric lymphadenitis was suspected, computed tomographic (CT) examinations of the abdomen were performed, as well as stool examinations for occult blood, Chlostridium difficile toxins, Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia,
Campylobacter, E. coli, worm eggs, and Elisa antigen tests for Lamblia.
Mucosal biopsies were obtained from inflammatory tissue through gastroscopy or coloscopy.
Results:
Thirty of 81 patients (corresponding to 37%) had PCR-positive findings for a single infection.
Nineteen of 81 (24%) and 6 of 81 (8%) had PCR biopsy positivity for two or three gastrointestinal infections.
Among the 30 patients with only a single infection, Bartonella henselae was most common in 12 cases
Helicobacter pylori in 9 cases
Mycoplasma fermentans in 6 cases, and
Borrelia burgdorferi in 3 cases.
Of the 19 co-infections, Bartonella and Mycoplasma-fermentans were found in 10 cases,
Bartonella and Borellia burgdorferi in 6 cases, and
Borellia burgdorferi and Mycoplasma fermentans were found simultaneously in 2 cases and were each associated with circumscribed inflammatory mucosal changes.
In the gastrointestinal biopsies with triple inflammation, Bartonella, Helicobacter, and Mycoplasma fermentans were detected simultaneously in 4 cases, whereas Bartonella henselae, Mycoplasma fermentens, and Borrelia-burgdorferi were detected simultaneously in 2 cases.
In summary, of the 81 patients studied, 35 had Bartonella henselae infection, 24 patients had Mycoplasma fermentans infection, 14 patients had Helicobacter pylorii infection, and a total of 13 patients had Borrelia burgdorferi infection either singly or as multiple infections as described.
33% Had No infections
This is so huge. This concludes Bartonella is very much responsible for a Ton of gastric issues.
Source (German)
https://www.reinhardt-klemann.de/literatur/gastrointestinale_manifestationen_der_borreliose_co-infektionen/index.html