Indication
Ceftriaxone is used for the treatment of the infections (respiratory, skin, soft tissue, UTI, ENT) caused by susceptible organisms.11 Organisms that are generally susceptible to ceftriaxone include S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci), coagulase-negative staphylococci, Some Enterobacter spp, H. influenzae, N. gonorrhoeae, P. mirabilis, E. coli, Klebsiella spp, M. catarrhalis,
B. burgdorferi, and some oral anaerobes.1
Pharmacodynamics
Ceftriaxone is a cephalosporin/cephamycin beta-lactam antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually gram-positive, organisms.11 Ceftriaxone has in vitro activity against gram-positive aerobic, gram-negative aerobic, and anaerobic bacteria.12 The bactericidal activity of ceftriaxone results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis and is mediated through ceftriaxone binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).10 Ceftriaxone is stable against hydrolysis by a variety of beta-lactamases, including penicillinases, and cephalosporinases and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.11 However, resistance to ceftriaxone usually occurs through beta-lactamase hydrolysis, altered PBPs, or reduced bacterial cell permeability.10 Ceftriaxone should not be mixed with or giving in the same IV line as diluents/products containing calcium as they may cause ceftriaxone to precipitate.11 Ceftriaxone use may also cause biliary sludge or gallbladder pseudolithiasis.11,2
Mechanism of action
Ceftriaxone works by inhibiting the mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall.10,11 The beta-lactam moiety of ceftriaxone binds to carboxypeptidases, endopeptidases, and transpeptidases in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. These enzymes are involved in cell-wall synthesis and cell division. Binding of ceftriaxone to these enzymes causes the enzyme to lose activity; therefore, the bacteria produce defective cell walls, causing cell death.
https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/db01212-------
so its pretty broad acting beta-lactam type antibiotic - similar in action to penicillins
in theory it should be active for any bacteria with a cell wall