A researcher in the area, is working locally with a group "that is trying to get one of the great apes to reproduce using either IUI or IVF. The first order of business is of course sperm retrieval and preservation." He asked if others had some advice.
I cannot help thinking this might have application to another, more familiar, member of the hominid Family - Homo sapiens.
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In response to Dr xxxx's inquiry into collection of great apes.
We have had success collecting from smaller restrained primates (monkeys) with electro-stimulation of the penis. The major advantage is that you get a normal ejaculation and much better semen quality than using anesthetic and rectal probes. I suspect the great apes are not easily restrained for such a procedure, but if they could be, I strongly recommend this approach. The following is from our recent paper. (Mattison, D R. et al. 2011. Pubertal delay in male non-human primates (Macaca mulatta) treated with methylphenidate. Proc Natl Acad Sci 108:16301-6, 2011)
Semen Collection. At each time, semen collection was attempted from each test subject on four occasions within a 2-wk period, with a minimum of 1 d of rest between collection attempts. Semen collections were attempted in the normal restraint chairs used for blood collection, with additional restraint provided by the animal care staff, if necessary, to minimize stress on the test subject.
Semen was collected using penile electroejaculation. Initially, the penis was massaged from the sheath, followed by the use of a small vibrator for penile stimulation. Two strips (4 x 0.5 cm) of nonmetallic cardiac defibrillation pads were prepared and kept moist. One strip was wrapped around the base of the penis and the other just below the glans. The two electrodes from the Grass S88 stimulator were attached to the pad strips. The stimulator settings were 20 pulses per second, 18-ms duration, and 20-ms delay. The voltage was varied from 0 to 50 V (50 mAmp). Stimulation was applied at the lowest voltage and gradually increased over 90 s. A warm (37 C) glass scintillation vial with 2 mL of PBS was used to collect the semen. The head of the penis was held inside the vial
opening to catch the entire ejaculate, which was immediately transported to the laboratory. The sample was viewed for the presence of a copulatory plug, which was removed from the specimen, if present. If no ejaculation occurred the animal was allowed to rest for approximately 1 min and the stimulation was repeated. If no ejaculation occurred within 10 min, the animal was returned to his cage.
xxxx x. xxxxx, Ph.D.
Reproductive Health xxxxxxx
National Institute for xxxxx
[email protected] Phone xxxxxxxx
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Had I known of this technique before I was married, I would have never left my house.
I have all the equipment necessary to test this procedure (except for a prostate) and will gladly bring a unit if anyone would like to experiment at GFMPH.
Jeff - Anything for Science.
P.S. The mathematicians in the group will notice there is a minor discrepancy in the researcher's numbers, namely: either the pulses per second must be increased slightly (from 20 pps to 26 pps) or the pulse width or duration must be lengthened a total of 12 ms to force all three variables to agree. I have already requested clarification.