Here's more on the urine test that Fairwind mentioned in the prior post, for those who want to read further.
Int Braz J Urol. 2010 Nov-Dec;36(6):665-9.
The novel prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) biomarker.
Bourdoumis A, Papatsoris AG, Chrisofos M, Efstathiou E, Skolarikos A, Deliveliotis C.
University Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, Athens, Greece, Greece.
Abstract
PCA3 is a prostate specific, nonprotein coding RNA that is significantly over expressed in prostate cancer, without any correlation to prostatic volume and/or other prostatic diseases (e.g. prostatitis). It can now easily be measured in urine with a novel transcript
ion-mediated amplification based test. Quantification of PCA3 mRNA levels can predict the outcome of prostatic biopsies with a higher specificity rate in comparison to PSA. Several studies have demonstrated that PCA3 can be used as a prognostic marker of prostate cancer, especially in conjunction with other predictive markers. Novel PCA3-based nomograms have already been introduced into clinical practice.
PCA3 test may be of valuable help in several PSA quandary situations such as negative prostatic biopsies, concomitant prostatic diseases, and active surveillance. Results from relevant clinical studies, comparative with PSA, are warranted in order to confirm the perspective of PCA3 to substitute PSA.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21176272