Posted 6/6/2017 6:59 PM (GMT 0)
Hemorrhoids, fissures, and active UC inflammation can all cause blood in stool. UC inflammation involves very small ulcers that bleed microscopically. Each ulcer produces only a small amount of blood, but there are typical a whole lot of ulcers and collectively they can produce a few teaspoons or tablespoons of blood on a daily basis. A fissure is a tear and it can bleed. Hemerrhoids can produce blood. Your doctor should be able to determine which of those three is what you are experiencing.
Constipation is common if you have just rectal inflammation. The large intestine acts like a muscle contracting in order to move stool along and out of the sphincter. When we have inflammation, the walls of the intestine become much, much thicker which makes the normal motion and stool movement much more difficult, which results in constipation.
Diarrhea is much more common with severe inflammation, especially when the extent is much further than the rectum. When I had severe inflammation within my sigmoid colon and rectum, all I had was pure liquid bms.
If you have IBS and UC concurrently, then it is hard to determine which is causing daily symptoms. If you have active inflammation then the cause is UC. Absence of inflammation points to IBS. There's ways of telling if you have inflammation, whether you have a CRP blood test, a fecal calprotectin stool test, or a colonoscopy or flex-sigmoidoscopy.
A colonoscopy is needed for an initial UC diagnosis. A colonoscopy is required for colorectal cancer monitoring once our risk jumps for it. Generally after having UC for 10 years, you have annual or bi-annual colonoscopies as a precaution to your elevated CRC risks. If you flare then your doctor might request a colonoscopy as a diagnostic test to assess how far in extent it goes, how severe the inflammation goes, and verify it is a flare and not an infection in appearance. Knowing this information can help prescribe an appropriate treatment to quickly get your flare under control. For diagnostic purposes, a flex-sig, CRP, or FCP are usually sufficient and I often request those as an alternative.