Eva Lou is correct about
HIPPA having many disclosure exceptions and even mandates. The treatment category is actually "treatment, payment, or healthcare operations" - which is pretty broad.
See:
worldprivacyforum.org/hipaa/HipaaGuidePart3.htmlThere are several points that might bear on this thread however:
1) Some state and/or local laws eliminate some HIPPA exceptions; and providers have broad discretion to say "NO" - excepting some law enforcement mandates.
2) If you had no medical relationship with a doctor/friend, an exception for "treatment" would not be possible without fraudulent misrepresentation (as Eva Lou points out). However even seemingly unrelated medical specialties could come together under treatment. For example you have a dermatologist/friend who prescribes medication A, and a GI who prescribes medication B. If a pharmacist or insurance review flags a potential adverse interaction, legal discussion and disclosure between both doctors could easily occur without your consent. This is just one example.