Digestive Enzyme DAO (Diamine oxidase) - Gary

Do you have any good links for further info/studies etc on this perhaps? Or maybe you could explain what it is you take etc.. I'm sure you have a thread on here, but I could't find it directly. Lot's of mentions though.

Reason I ask is that we seem to have responded very similar between GSE & WOO. I sort of hover around the 95%+ better mark with the odd bad day were there is a bit of loose stool. Some days, like yesterday, I was able to go off for a 2 hour bike ride with zero concern about a washroom or have to go. In fact I don;t think I did till the next morning.

On top of that I have eaten from 1-2 sandwiches (with gluten so on a white bread bun) each day for the last three days now as a test- with what seems to be no issue so far, perhaps even better functioning than normal. So this is a first in some 8-10 years or so.

On my ride, I got to thinking about IBD. There's no doubt there is a barrier issues or mucus problem of some sort involved somewhere along the line, and I got to thinking about the relation to this and food intolerances. All of a sudden with a barrier issue we are exposed to antigens (food source) that perhaps we were not prior to IBD. From what I have learned over the last while is that it's usually not to food antigen directly that causes the issue, but functions more like and adjuvant (that is added to vaccines) in the presence of say a bacterial/viral infection. So the body or immune cells sample something and sort of says hmmmm... there was some bacteria we didn't like, and some food was picked up along with this bacteria - so in the immune systems "mind" it now associates this bacteria with this food. You could say that it might "think" this food is the source of the bacteria and every time we eat it we have a highly amplified immune response (humoral response).

Anyway - that's not really how it works, but the best I can describe it. It got me thinking about IBD as a type of Allergy... Kind of like a pollen allergy but a bit more complex perhaps or with an underlying chronic bacterial issue. With pollen allergies, mucus thins, eyes get watery, snot goes flying, involuntary contractions occur like sneezing... It's really not much different that what we experience thought the other end! haha.

In thinking and riding I thought of you and your DAO. Also was curious if anyone else tired DAO with some success.

Maybe taking care of the bacteria issue (via WOO or GSE etc) combined with DAO to reduce the hormonal response is just the right approach.

Just thinking out loud... and curious.

Thanks Gary. Poking around tonight I came across this which you probably already have. I'd like to do some learning on Histamines actually. I don't know much about them at all other than the obvious allergic reaction side of things. Wiki says diamine oxidase may play a role in other tissues - so I'm going to look it up and see if I can find anything in my text books. I don't recall ever reading/learning about it.

If we really are low then it really might make sense to add this to the supplement side of things. I'm curious if they have measured this in IBS now actually... Specially if one has barrier defects like tissue damage/scarring and so on.

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Clinical significance of serum diamine oxidase activity in inflammatory bowel disease: Importance of evaluation of small intestinal permeability: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ibd.21588/full


DISCUSSION

This study first demonstrates that serum DAO activity is significantly lower in patients with CD and UC regardless of the level of disease activity. Of note, in patients with UC in whom small intestinal inflammation was not involved, serum DAO activity was significantly lower than that in healthy controls. These findings strongly indicate that small intestinal permeability is strongly involved in the pathophysiology of not only CD but also UC.

A recent animal study showed that reducing small intestinal permeability using AT-1001 (a zonulin peptide inhibitor) attenuates colonic inflammation of interleukin-10 gene-deficient mice.9 Another study demonstrated increased small intestinal permeability in both senescence accelerated mice-prone and mdr1a-deficient mice prior to the development of colitis.10 In patients with IBD, a clinical trial with a CCR9 antagonist, which selectively blocks the migration of T cells into the small intestine, reduced disease activity in CD patients with colonic involvement.11 These data suggested that immune dysregulation in the small intestine would result in its increased epithelial permeability, which is clinically important as an etiologic event of human IBD. Another important finding of this study is that serum DAO activity was decreased in both UC and CD patients who were in remission. In this regard, we must focus on regulating mucosal permeability of the small intestine as a future therapeutic strategy for IBD patients

Additionally, known genetic susceptibility variants of IBD together with the serum level of DAO activity may allow risk assessment of disease onset.

In conclusion, measurement of serum DAO activity can be an easy and convenient modality for evaluating small intestinal permeability. Reduced serum DAO activity in patients with IBD suggests the importance of mucosal permeability of the small intestine as a pathogenic factor and its measurement together with serology, clinical factors, and genetics might be useful for predicting the disease onset of IBD. Further prospective studies with this modality are required.

Maybe Old Mike has some stuff on this in his library of papers.

I looked it up in my text books and there was just a short paragraph on Histamines in general. I'll dig into it as well over the week.

In any case it would be interesting to hear if any others have responded with the addition of DAO enzyme to their diet. I had to kill the gluten again just after I opted as I noticed my fistula started bothering me for the first time in a while. Seems like there's no winning with these darn diseases. Though I had no other bad symptoms other than that from the gluten experiment.

Prevalence of migraine in patients with celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23126519
CONCLUSIONS:Migraine was more prevalent in celiac disease and IBD subjects than in controls

Histamine in migraine and brain.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24433203

Migraine Attacks Shortened by Diamine Oxidase Supplements.
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/811920

Thanks

I think might give this a go... try adding it and see what happens. I might talk with my GI first though. Actually at the very least I'll let him know I'm adding it to the WOO and Imuran.